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Glomerulonephritis is a medical condition in which the glomeruli, the tiny filters in the kidneys, become inflamed and damaged. The glomeruli are responsible for filtering blood and removing excess fluids and waste products from the body. When they become damaged, they can't function properly and can cause various complications. Glomerulonephritis can be caused by a number of different factors, including infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain medications. Infections that can lead to glomerulonephritis include strep throat and infections caused by viruses, such as hepatitis B and C. The most common symptom of glomerulonephritis is blood in the urine, which can be visible or only detectable by a urine test. Other symptoms may include foamy urine, swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet, high blood pressure, and fatigue. In some cases, glomerulonephritis may not cause any noticeable symptoms. Diagnosis of glomerulonephritis usually involves blood and urine tests to check for signs of inflammation and kidney damage. A kidney biopsy may also be performed to examine a small sample of kidney tissue under a microscope. Treatment for glomerulonephritis depends on the underlying cause of the condition. If it is caused by an infection, antibiotics or antiviral medication may be prescribed. Immunosuppressive drugs may be used to treat glomerulonephritis caused by an autoimmune disease. In more severe cases, dialysis or kidney transplant may be necessary. Prevention of glomerulonephritis involves treating and preventing infections, managing underlying conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, and avoiding exposure to toxins and chemicals that can damage the kidneys. Regular checkups with a healthcare provider can also help detect and manage any kidney problems early on.